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In the early days, not all the people associated with the hard work wore jeans.（)

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第1题

We can conclude that accidents involving cars ______. A. happened most often in New Y

We can conclude that accidents involving cars ______.

A. happened most often in New York City

B. do not happen as often as they did in the early days of the auto

C. have killed many more people since Mr Bliss was killed

D. were always the driver's fault

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第2题

Nesud Co has credit sales of $45 million per year and on average settles accounts with tra

de payables after 60 days. One of its suppliers has offered the company an early settlement discount of 0·5% for payment within 30 days. Administration costs will be increased by $500 per year if the early settlement discount is taken. Nesud Co buys components worth $1·5 million per year from this supplier.

From a different supplier, Nesud Co purchases $2·4 million per year of Component K at a price of $5 per component. Consumption of Component K can be assumed to be at a constant rate throughout the year. The company orders components at the start of each month in order to meet demand and the cost of placing each order is $248·44. The holding cost for Component K is $1·06 per unit per year.

The finance director of Nesud Co is concerned that approximately 1% of credit sales turn into irrecoverable debts. In addition, she has been advised that customers of the company take an average of 65 days to settle their accounts, even though Nesud Co requires settlement within 40 days.

Nesud Co finances working capital from an overdraft costing 4% per year. Assume there are 360 days in a year.

Required:

(a) Evaluate whether Nesud Co should accept the early settlement discount offered by its supplier. (4 marks)

(b) Evaluate whether Nesud Co should adopt an economic order quantity approach to ordering Component K. (6 marks)

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第3题

In the earlier days of computer history, there was a quite widespread concern that compute

rs would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of the functions of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons might be pushed, or that a computer might simply fail to work properly.

Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something had gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: For all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a device that can take the place of fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

The main purpose of this passage is______.

A．to look back to the early days of computers

B．to explain what technical problems may occur with computers

C．to warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers

D．to discourage unnecessary investment in computers

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第4题

In the United States the most popular form. of folk dancing since the early days has been

square dancing. In early times, when men and women worked in groups to【21】a barn(谷仓) for harvest crops, they danced when the work was done. The music【22】from a violin for the most part. But if there was no one to play an instrument(乐器), clapping(击掌) was used to【23】the rhythm(节奏) by which to dance. The early settlers(移民) danced in a store, in a barn, or in a farm kitchen.

After some years【24】, square dancing became【25】popular in cities and towns, but it【26】popular in the country. Then it became popular in the cities once again. Today in【27】parts of the United States you will find some school, club, or other group that is square dancing for fun.

A square is formed by four couples(对，双) who stand【28】the center of the square. Each couple stands on one【29】of the square, the boy on the left and the girl on the right.

The "caller" is an important part of the【30】 since he tells the dancers which steps to do. If the dancers do not know the steps, he teaches them. It【31】 time to learn to be good caller, and good callers are always in demand.

Large or small groups of people can dance at one time. Sometimes 800 or 1,000 people may be dancing at the【32】 time. Or there may be only one square of【33】 people.

Costumes(服装) are worn by some who square dance. This【34】 the dancing more colorful to watch. The costumes vary(不同) from place to place. Women often wear full skirts of various colors with pretty blouse(罩衫). Men may have colored skirts and western trousers which they wear【35】 when square dancing.

(66)

A．make

B．set up

C．build

D．form

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第5题

完成下列各题 In the United,States the most popular form. of folk dancing since the earl

y days has been square dancing．In early times，when men and women worked in groups to 21________ a barn(谷仓)for harvest crops，they danced when the work was done．The music 22________ from a violin for the most part．But if there was no one to play all instrument(乐器)，clapping(击掌)was used to 23________ the rhythm(节奏)by which to dance．The early settlers(移民＞danced in a store，in a barn，or in a farm kitchen． After some years 24 ________，square dancing became 25 ________ popular in cities and towns，but it 26________ popular in the country．Then it became popular in the cities once again·Today in 27 ________ Darts of the United States you will find some school，club，or other group that is square dancing for fl in． A square is formed by four．couples(对，双)who stand 28 ________the center of the square. Each couple stands on one 29________ 0f the square，the boy on the left and the girl on the right． The“caller”is an important part of the 30________ since he tells the dancers which steps to do． If the dancers do not know the steps，he teaches them．It 31________ time to learn to be a good caller，and good callers are always in demand． Large or small groups of people can dance at one time．Sometimes 800 or 1，000 people may be dancing at the 32 ________time．Or there may be only one square of 33________ people. Costumes(服装)are worn by some who square dance．This 34________ the dancing more colorful to watch．The costumes vary(不同)from place to place．Women often wear full skirts of various colors with pretty blouse(罩衫)．Men may have colored skirts and western trousers which they wear35________ when square dancing．

A.make

B.set up

C.build

D.form

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第6题

Humanity is a new experiment on planet Earth. For most of its history, life on Earth was r

estricted to the sea. Living things began to populate the land slightly over 400 million years ago. And humans have existed for no more than 3 million years.

One way to represent the evolution of life is to compress the 4. 6-billion-year history of Earth into a 1-year-long film. In such a film, Earth forms as the film begins on January 1, and through all of January and February it cools and is cratered(变成坑状) and the first oceans form. But those oceans remain lifeless until sometime in March or early April, when the first living things develop. The 4-billion-year history of Precambrian (前寒武纪) evolution lasts until the film reaches mid-November, when primitive ocean life begins to evolve into complex organisms such as trilobites(三叶虫).

If we examine the land instead of the oceans, we find a lifeless waste. But once our film shows plant and animal life on the land, about November 28, evolution proceeds rapidly. Dinosaurs, for example, appear on about December 12 and vanish by Christmas Eve, as mammals (哺乳动物) and birds flourish.

Throughout the 1 -year-run of our film there are no humans, and even during the last days of the year as the mammals rise and dominate the landscape, there are no people. On the early evening of December 31, vaguely human forms move through the grasslands, and by late evening they begin making stone tools. The Stone Age lasts until about 11:45 p. m. , and the first signs of civilization, towns and cities, do not appear until 11:54 p. m. The Christian era begins only 14 seconds before the New Year, and the Declaration of Independence is signed with one second to spare.

In comparing all of Earth's geological evolution to one calendar year, the author shows

A．just how recently humanity has arrived on the scene

B．just how simple it is to understand the history of Earth

C．just how early humanity appears on planet Earth

D．just how difficult it is to understand the history of Earth

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第7题

Text 3 When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened

Text 3

When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.

That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.

Dr. Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.

Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline.” The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.

31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that ________.

[A] large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment

[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared

[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today

[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones

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第8题

Nowadays most people decide quite【61】what kind of work they would do. When I was at school

, we had to choose【62】when we were fifteen. I chose scientific subjects. "【63】, scientists will earn a lot of money," my parents said.【64】I tried to learn physics and chemistry, but in the【65】I decided that I【66】a scientist. It was a long time【67】I told my parents that I wasn't happy at school. " I didn't think you were," said my mother. "【68】," said my father. "Well, the best thing to do now is to look for a job. "

I【69】about it with my friends Frank and Lesley.【70】of them【71】suggest anything, but they promised that they would ask their friends. A few days later【72】I was still in bed,【73】telephoned. "Is that Miss Jenkins？" a man' s voice asked. "I【74】your hobby is photography and I've got a job that might interest you in my clothes factory. My name is Mr. Thomson. " He seemed pleasant on the phone【75】I went to see him. I was so excited that I almost forgot【76】goodbye. "Good luck!" my mother said to me.

I arrived【77】early and when Mr. Thomson came he asked me if I【78】waiting a long time. "No, not long. " I replied. After talking to me for about twenty minutes he【79】me a job —not as a photographer,【80】a model!

(61)

A．early

B．presently

C．soon

D．quickly

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第9题

Scientists used to explore【31】the surface of the ocean. Now they【32】below the surface, too

. They want to know about the ocean water and the【33】and animal life【34】in the ocean.

In 1934 the scientist William Beebe dived 3 , 000 feet below the surface in a hollow steel ball. In 1935 Auguste Piccard dived 10, 330 feet. In 1960 his son Jean dived to a【35】of 35, 800 feet.

All these early dives were deep. But the divers could not stay down for very long. They had to【36】the surface after a few seconds. Scientists needed to stay down longer to study life below the surface.【37】, they succeeded. Cousteau, a Frenchman, was able to【38】down to a depth of【36】feet for one month and to a depth of 90 feet for a week.

Now scientists are developing even【39】equipment. With this new equipment, men can stay【40】the surface for days or【41】weeks. In 1962 Consteau【42】a research station 35 feet below the surface. Then in 1964 he set up another station on the ocean floor of the Red Sea. This was the first undersea station to operate【43】help from the surface.

Many countries are now studying undersea【44】. The Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea. The United States has a laboratory 50 feet【45】on the ocean floor【46】the Virgin Islands. In 1970 five men lived there for two weeks. Then a【47】of five women scientists stayed in the laboratory.【48】came other teams of men. All were there to explore the ocean depths and【49】plans for the use of its resources. Scientists hope to find enough【50】, vegetable, and animal wealth there to provide food for the whole world.

(31)

A．in

B．to

C．on

D．under

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第10题

As they turned into Upshot Rise where his parents lived,Jack let go of Ruths hand. Upshot

Rise was not a hand-holding street. When you turned into it,you wiped your feet and minded your manners. Each house was decently detached,each privet hedge crew-cut and correct. Each drive sported a car or two, and the portals of most of the houses were framed by white pillars that had probably been delivered in polythene bags. Behind each set of white curtains lived people who touched each other seldom. Some had retired and moved into the suburb for the landscape and the silences. Whilst others had begun there, sprouting from the white sheets in the white beds behind the white curtains,who knew nothing of dirt except that of conception and delivery？ Jack parents fitted neither of these categories. They were refugees from Nazi Germany. Not the mat-tress-on-the-the-donkey-cart type of refugee,winding in tracking-shot down the interminable highway,but respectable well-heeled emigrants. The flight of the Mullers had been in the early days,without panic and with all their possessions. Jacks fathers business had been an export affair to England so that there was little upheaval in their change of address. Both his father and his mother spoke English fluently,and through the business were already well connected with the upper strata of English social life. They traveled first class from Ostend to Dover,and early in the morning when only the white cliffs were looking,they made a deft spelling change to their name,and landing as the Millar family,they spoke to the customs officer in faultless English,declaring their monogrammed silver. Upshot Rise was a natural home for them. It was almost a duplicate of the Beethovenstrasse where they had lived in Hamburg. Quiet,silent,and reliable. Like Upshot Rise.it lay in a dream suburb,a suburb of dream houses,a spotlessly clean nightmare. Jack and Ruth walked enjoined up the hill. They turned into the house that took in the bend of the road. Jack tried to silence the click of the gate as he opened it to let Ruth through. He knew that his mother would be waiting for the noise behind the bedroom window. It was the first time she would see Ruth and Jack wanted to give her no time advantage. He wanted them to meet at the door and see each other at the same time.

It can be concluded from the passage that Upshot Rise has_____.

A．a strong community spirit

B．a problem with nosey neighbors

C．a sterile feel and appearance

D．residents with a flair for self-expression

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第11题

The （） liberation movement has become an important social movement （） much of the world

today.In the past few decades, it （） one of the most important social movements in the United States.Women have been fighting （） equal rights in the U.S.since （）.But it was really in the 1960s and 70s （） women began to gain equal rights and treatment in （） of politics, education, employment and the home.

As for the field of politics, today’s politicians are well （） that women have become a powerful （） in the country.One of the reasons （） this is （） there are about 70 million women of voting age.Voting age in the United States, （） some of you may already know, is eighteen.There are, in fact, 7 million more women of voting age than （） men of voting age in the U.S.Today, not only（） more women voting these days and （） the political structure of the country, （） more of them are becoming better educated.Today’s young American woman is more （） to be a college student than（） mother was.

Today, in the United States, there are at least 5 million women college graduates.（）, this is 2.3 million （） the number of American men with college degrees.But the number is growing each year.

1.A.womansB.womans’C.womens’D.women’s

2.A.throughoutB.throughC.in all over D.all over

3.A.becomesB.becameC.has become D.had become

4.A.againstB.with C.for D.toward

5.A.early the 1900sB.the early 1900s’C.early in 1900 D.early 1900s

6.A.when B.thatC.in whichD.in that

7.A.fieldsB.the fields C.some fieldsD.the research

8.A.aware B.aware ofC.aware about D.awared

9.A.populationB.forceC.party D.group

10.A.toB.inC.forD.beneath

11.A.becauseB.owing to C.where D.that

12.A.if B.as C.even D.just like