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Every culture and every country in the world celebrates New Year, but not everyone does it

the same way. The countries in North America and Europe welcome New Year on January the first. This practice began with the Romans in the Middle East, New Year is when spring begins. People in China and Vietnam celebrate it on the first day of the Spring Festival, which is the first day of their calendar based on the moon. Rosh Hashana, which is the Jewish (犹太人的) New Year, comes at the end of summer. The Hindus (印度教教徒 ) in India celebrate the first day of each season, so they have four New Years.

In all these cultures, there is a practice of making noise. People made noise in ancient times to drive away the evil spirits (妖精) from their homes. Today making noise is more of a custom than a religious rim

In the United States, many people stay up until midnight on New Year's Eve to watch the clock pass from one year to the next. Friends often gather together at a party on New Year's Eve, and when the new year comes, all ring bells, blow' whistles, sing songs, and kiss each other. A favorite Scottish song which everyone sings together is Auld Lang Sync. The words tell of old friends and good times.

In all cultures, New Year's Day is a time when people think of new beginnings. They want to make the coming year better than the last one. Many people in the United States make New Year resolutions. These are specific promises that they make to improve their behavior, change their habits, and become better people. There are many jokes about how a person keeps his or her New Year resolutions.

In ancient times, the practice of making noise was meant ______.

A．to keep the evil spirits away

B．to have fun

C．to celebrate the coming of the new year

D．to keep to a custom

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更多“Every culture and every countr…”相关的问题

第1题

It's true that people from every culture have some ______ basic needs but express them in

different ways.

A．alike

B．like

C．same

D．similar

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第2题

Cultures tend to favor either a past, or future orientation with regard to time. A future

orientation, encompassing a preference for change, is characteristic of American culture. The society encourages people to look to the future rather than to the past. Technological, social, and artistic trends change rapidly and affect people's life styles and their relationships.

Given the inclination toward change, it is not surprising that tradition plays a limited role in the American culture. Those who try to uphold traditional pattern of living or thought may be seen as rigid or "old-fashioned". In a society where change is so rapid, it is not uncommon for every generation to experience a "generation gap". Sometimes parents struggle to understand the values of their children, even religious institutions have had to adapt to contemporary need of their followers. Folk singers in church services, women religious leaders, slang versions of the Bible, all reflect attempts made by traditional institutions to "keep up with the times".

High rates of change, particularly in urban areas, have contributed to a focus on the future rather than the past or present. Some Americans believe that the benefits of the future orientation are achievement and progress which enable them to have a high standard of living. Others believe that high blood pressure and stomach ulcers are the results of such a life style.

As individuals in a culture, we all have an intuitive understanding about how time is regulated, usually we do not think about the concept of time until we interact with others who have a different time orientation. Although individuals from any now cultures may view time similarly, we often sense that in another culture, life seems to proceed at either a slower or faster pace. Knowing how time is regulated, divided, and perceived can provide valuable insights into individuals and their culture.

The American orientation toward the future might be demonstrated by ______.

A．the presence of religious institutions

B．the preference for "old-fashioned" parents

C．the limited role of tradition

D．the presence of folk singers in church services

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第3题

London: Melting Pot of CulturesDid you know that London is one of the most multicultura

London: Melting Pot of Cultures

Did you know that London is one of the most multicultural cities in the world？ Here, there are about 300 different cultures living side by side. Forget tea and sandwiches, now it is more common for a Londoner to drink cappuccino for breakfast, and eat Thai food for lunch in the local pub. Let’s see how life has changed in Britain’s capital.

A India

Most people from India arrived in London in the 1950s and 60s. Now there is a strong Asian presence here – in the shops, markets and, of course, the restaurants. In fact, curry is Britain’s favorite takeaway meal. A typical family has a curry every two weeks, either delivered or bought ready-made from the supermarket. Indian people live all over London. Southall, in the far west of the city, is one of many places well known for its Indian culture.

B Poland

This community represents more than 1% of the UK’s total population and is growing rapidly. In London, many Polish people live in the Hammersmith area, in the west of the city. Here, there are several Catholic churches, and delicatessens which sell the country’s specialities such as beetroot soup (barszcz) or Polish cakes and snacks. Were they right to come？ Young Poles say they can easily earn three times as much money here as at home, where unemployment remains high.

C West Africa

West Africans – mainly from Ghana and Nigeria – have brought a wealth of languages, music and culture to the British capital. Many London markets sell their traditional foods like yams and different types of rice. A lot of Nigerians live in the south-east London area, in suburbs like Deptford.

1、When did most people from India arrive in London？

A、The 1950s and 60s.

B、The 1950s.

C、The 1960s.

2、How often does a typical family have a curry？

A、Two times.

B、Every two weeks.

C、Two weeks.

3、Where do many Polish people live？

A、The east of the city.

B、Catholic churches.

C、The Hammersmith area.

4、Why do Polish people come to London？

A、They can earn three times as much money in the UK.

B、Unemployment remains high in the UK.

C、They are growing rapidly.

5、What kind of traditional West Africa foods do markets sell？

A、Ghana and Nigeria.

B、Languages，music and culture.

C、Yams and different types of rice.

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第4题

Television has changed the lifestyle. of people in every industrialized country in the wor

ld. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.

Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters people's ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持) modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高)people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.

The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.

Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.

According to the author American television is poor in quality because ______.

A．advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas

B．it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radio

C．the programs have to be developed in the interests of the sponsors for economic reasons

D．it is controlled by radio companies

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第5题

For Americans, time is a "resource" that, like water or coal, can be used well or poorl

For Americans, time is a "resource" that, like water or coal, can be used well or poorly."Time is money," they say."You only get so much time in this life; you'd best use it wisely." The future will not be better than the past or the present unless people use their time for constructive, future-oriented activities.Thus, Americans admire a “well-organized” person, one who has a written list of things to do and a schedule for doing them.The ideal person is punctual and treasures other people's time.

The American attitude towards time is not necessarily shared by others, especially non-Europeans.They are more likely to consider time as something that is simply there around them, not something they can "use".One of the more difficult things many foreign businessmen and students must adjust to in the States is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.

In their efforts to use their time wisely, Americans are sometimes seen by foreign visitors as automatons, unhuman creatures who are so tied to their clocks and their schedules that they cannot participate in or enjoy the human interactions that are the truly important things in life."They are like little machines running around," one foreign visitor said.

The emphasis Americans place on efficiency is closely related to their concepts of the future, change and time.To do something efficiently is to do it in the way that is quickest and requires the smallest investment of resources.American businesses sometimes hire "efficiency experts" to review their operations and suggest ways in which they could accomplish more than they are currently accomplishing with the resources they are investing.Popular periodicals carry suggestions for more efficient ways to clean house, raise children, tend the yard, and so on.

In this context the "fast-food industry" can be seen as a clear example of an American cultural product.McDonald's, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, and other fast-food establishments prosper in a country where many people want to minimize the amount of time they spend preparing and eating meals.The millions of Americans who take their meals at fast-food restaurants cannot have much interest in lingering over their food while conversing with friends, as millions of Europeans do.As McDonald's restaurants have spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.The typical American food, some observers argue, is fast food.

1.If a person treasures other people's time, he （）.

A.does not waste people's time with conversation or activity that has no beneficial outcome

B.does not believe the future will be any better than the present or the past

C.likes to deep a written schedule of the daily activities with him

D.likes to have his meals at the fast-food restaurants to save time

2.In the eyes of the foreign visitors in the States, American people（）.

A.think that time is always there which needs budgeting

B.enjoy saving and using time wisely everyday

C.are indifferent in that they are like feelingless machines

D.are so fully engaged that they are unable to enjoy the important things in life

3.What is the job of an efficiency expert？

A.Writing articles for periodicals.

B.Recommending ways of efficient investment

C.Examining the quality of a company's products

D.Teaching people how to take care of their yard

4.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph？

A.Many Americans love having meals at fast-food restaurants

B.Americans are busier than other people in the world

C.The American fast-food industry helps spread the American culture around the world

D.The United States is the father of the world's fast-food industry

5.The best title for this passage is（）.

A.The American Concept of Time

B.The Development of the American Fast Food Industry

C.How to Raise Efficiency

D.The American Food and Culture

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第6题

快门的符号是（）

A.S

B.ISO

C.EV

D.F

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第7题

EV车辆因发动机的取消而无法使用机械转向泵。（)

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第8题

比亚迪唐EV标配8个SRS空气囊中保研碰撞“耐撞性”得“M”。（)

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第9题

／D.ev／B.oot no exist错误通常是因为（)。

A.没挂载光盘映像

B.没有/

C.ev设备

D.虚拟机异常

E.系统异常

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