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Radio, television and press () of conveying news and information.
A.are the most three common means
B.are the most common three means
C.are the three most common means
D.are three the most common means
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C、are the three most common means
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A.are the most three common means
B.are the most common three means
C.are the three most common means
D.are three the most common means
C、are the three most common means
Radio is different from television in______it sends and receives pictures.
A.which
B.that
C.what
D.this
A.undertake
B.transport
C.capture
D.sacrifice
Radio, television and press______of conveying news and information.
A.are the most three common means
B.are the most common three means
C.are the three most common means
D.are three the most common means
Public radio and television stations, on the【65】hand, do not have advertisements and people do not have to【66】to watch them. These stations gain their money from the【67】, from private companies, and from some of the【68】who watch or listen their programs. The【69】government and some large corporations give【70】,large gifts on money, to the public stations.
(66)
A.products
B.programs
C.produce
D.governments
Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters people's ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持) modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高)people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.
The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.
Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.
According to the author American television is poor in quality because ______.
A.advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas
B.it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radio
C.the programs have to be developed in the interests of the sponsors for economic reasons
D.it is controlled by radio companies
11.A. just B. even C. so D. that
There can be no doubt that the growth in advertisement is one of the most striking features of the western world in this century. Many businesses such as those handling frozen foods, liquor, tobacco and medicines have been built up largely by advertisement.
We might ask whether the cost of advertisement is paid for by the producer or by the customer. Since advertisement forms part of the cost of production, which has to be covered by the selling price, it is clear that it is the customer who pays for advertisement. However, if large scale advertisement leads to in creased demand, production costs are reduced, and the customer pays less.
It is difficult to measure exactly the influence of advertisement on sales. When the market is growing, advertisement helps to increase demand. When the market is shrinking, advertisement may prevent a bigger fall in sales than would occur without its support. What is clear is that businesses would not pay large sums for advertisement if they were not convinced of its value to them.
Advertisement is often used to ______ .
A.deceive customers
B.increase production
C.arouse suspicion
D.push the sale
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Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutusl influence
among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music cul Lure as a whole.
One more important part of music's material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the "information revolution", a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; the)' have affected music cultures all over the globe.
Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance bucause ______.
A.it helps produce new cultural tools and technology
B.it can reflect the development of the nation
C.it helps understand the nation's past and present
D.it can demonstrate the nations civilization
Newspapers have one basic purpose – to get news as quickly as possible from their source, from those who make it to those who want to know it. Radio, television, and other inventions brought competition for newspapers, so did the development of magazines and other means of communication. However, this competition merely stimulated the newspapers to quickly make use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the speed of their own operations. Today more newspapers are printed and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out into many other fields. Besides keeping readers informed of the latest news, today’s newspapers educate and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters.
Newspapers influence readers’ economic choices through advertising. Most depend on advertising for their very existence. Newspapers are sold at a price that fails to cover even a small part of the production cost. The main source of income for most newspapers is advertising. The success in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value to advertisers. This is measured in terms of circulation (发行量): How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends, to some extent, on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment offered in a newspaper’s pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper’s value to readers as a source of information about the community, city, country, state, nation, and world – and even outer space.
45.According to the passage, the basic purpose of newspapers is to ________.
A.cover the cost of production
B.inform. readers of the latest news
C.influence readers’ economic choices
D.educate readers about important matters
46.What does the author try to tell us in the first paragraph?()
A.Important events take place every day
B.Newspapers should give details to the public
C.Newspapers tell us what happens in the world
D.Reporters should go to the spot to collect news
47.Which of the following is a consequence of competition for newspapers?()
A.Newspapers serve other purposes than reporting news
B.Newspapers are read by less people than ever before
C.Newspapers have to have entertainment pages
D.Newspapers have to sell at a very low price
48.The most important factor in selling newspapers successfully is to ________.
A.improve the work of the circulation department
B.provide attractive and special services to readers
C.offer more interesting and entertaining information
D.provide valuable information to attract more readers
49.What can we learn about advertising in newspapers?()
A.Advertising adds a lot of value to newspapers
B.Newspapers would not exist without advertising
C.Newspapers depend on advertising to keep going
D.Advertising makes newspapers sell at a good price