It is an unfortunate fact of today's life that most people are growing up unable to see the stars. The prime night sky exists only in pictures. This is true not only in cities and suburbs, but also in rural areas. We have lost our view of the _____1_____ and dirtied our nighttime environment as well.Such a loss might be acceptable if light pollution were the inevitable price of progress , as it is not. Most sky glow is unnecessary. It _____2_____ mainly from lighting sources that do little to increase nighttime safety，security or utility. They produce only glare, _____3_____ over one billion dollars annually in the U. S. alone.For science, the impact has been even more dramatic. _____4_____ require observations of extremely faint objects that can only be made with advanced devices at sites free of air pollution and urban sky glow. For example, some images of the objects can offer information about faraway corners of the universe, _____5_____ us understand the way in which our world was actually formed, yet the light from these objects can be lost at the very end of its journey in the glare of our own sky.Reducing light pollution is not _____6_____. It _____7_____ that public officials and citizens be aware of the problem and act to counter it. As individuals, people can help _____8_____ sky glow just by using lighting only, when necessary.The stars above us are a _____9_____ heritage. We must _____10_____ our best to preserve it.[A] priceless [B] stars [C] helping [D] coming [E] requires [F] comes [G] science[H] scientists [I] did [J] do [K] easy [L] costing [M] reducing [N] difficult [O] reduce

第1题

() Prof. Bradley was out when we called.

A.Fortunately

B.Unfortunately

C.Unfortunate

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第2题

unfortunate（）

A.dj.不幸的；倒霉的

B.n.（生物）组织；薄的织物；手巾纸

C.n.经线；经度

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第3题

I was 14 when Mr. Ingram knocked on our farmhouse door in Sacred Hear, Okla. The old farme

r lived about a mile down the road and needed help cutting grass. It was the first time I was actually paid for work -- about 12 cents an hour, not bad when you consider it was 1939 ,a time when there was little business activity.

Mr. Ingram liked the job I did and ended up hiring me to dig potatoes. I even helped when a baby cow was being born.

One day he found an old truck that was stuck in the soft, sandy soil of the melon (瓜) field. It was full of melons that someone had tried to steal before their truck got stuck.

Mr. Ingram explained that the truck's owner would be returning soon, and he wanted me to watch and learn. It wasn't long before a man from a nearby village, who had a terrible reputation (名声) for fighting and stealing, showed up with his two full-grown sons. They looked very angry.

Calmly Mr. Ingram said, "Well, I see you want to buy some watermelons."

There was a long silence before the man answered," Yeah, I guess so. What are you getting for them？"

"Twenty-five cents each."

"Well, I guess that would be fair enough if you help me get my truck out of here."

It turned out to be our biggest sale of the summer, and an unpleasant, perhaps unfortunate, incident had been prevented. After they left, Mr. Ingram smiled and said to me," Son, if you don't for give (原谅) your enemies, you're going to run out of friends. "

Mr. Ingram died a few years later, but I have never forgotten him or what he taught me on my first job.

Which of the following best explains "ended up" as is used in the passage？

A．enjoyed

B．finished

C．got into

D．went on

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第4题

Nowadays, more and more attention is being paid to“business ethics". But what doe

s it mean？ What is the importance of ethics in business？

Business ethics is not about personality, though a good personality is valuable. Ethics is the primary element and prerequisite for successful business. No matter what you do, you should think of business as a matter of integrity. Nowadays, the slip in ethics and the absence of social responsibility, especially integrity, have led to a crisis in business, seriously influencing social development.

Events resulting from a loss of trust are being seen now and then and they affect the society in many unfortunate ways. Most people know the importance of business ethics, but still some people don't honor them. We often hear media reports on problems in business, such as adding harmful materials to products. These behaviors cause much damage to consumers, who spend money but do not get quality commodities, especially when these commodities do great harm to their health. It is difficult for people to forget the case in which some children consumed unsafe milk powder produced by a few immoral businesses, and their health suffered serious damage as a result. People can't bear this kind of behavior. and the businesses responsible must be closed down and the related personal be published.

1.What is the primary component for a prosperous business？

A.Good management

B.Business ethics

C.Reliable credit status

2.What is the influence of losing integrity？

A.Hinder social development

B.Worsen the company's reputation

C.Reduce people's trust between each other

3.What is people's attitude towards business ethics？

A.All people pay attention to business ethics

B.Most people attach importance to it and follow it

C.Lots of people know its importance but still some don't honor it

4.Which of the following items is NOT mentioned in this passage？

A.The absence of ethics has led to a crisis in business world

B.Manufacturers' immoral behaviors do little harm to consumers

C.Media is important for people to know more about commodities

5.What is the author's attitude toward immoral behaviors in business？

A.Critical

B.Affirmative

C.Indifferent

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第5题

阅读理解It was unfortunate that，after so trouble－free an arrival，he should stumble(磕

阅读理解It was unfortunate that，after so trouble－free an arrival，he should stumble（磕

阅读理解

It was unfortunate that，after so trouble-free an arrival，he should stumble(磕绊)in the dark as he was rising and severely twist his ankle on a piece of rock.After the first shock the pain became bearable，and he gathered up his parachute(降落伞)before limping into the trees to hide it as best as he could.The hard ground and the deep darkness made it almost impossible to do this efficiently.The pine needles lay several inches deep，so he simply piled them on top of the parachute，cutting the short twigs that he could feel around his legs，and spreading them on top of the needles.He was not sure if it would stay buried，but he could do nothing else about it.

After limping for some distance from his parachute he began to make his way downhill through the trees.He had to find out where he was，and then decide what to do next.But walking downhill on a rapidly swelling ankle soon proved to be almost beyond his power.He dragged his legs with increasing difficulty，walking in long side-way movements across the slope，which meant taking more steps but less painful ones.By the time he cleared the trees and reached the valley，day was breaking.Mist hung in soft sheets across the fields.Small cottages and farm houses grouped around a village church，the spire(尖顶)on its top pointing high into the cold winter air to greet the morning.

“I can’t go much further，”John Harding thought.“Someone is bound to find me.What can I do？I must get a rest before I go on.They’ll look for me high up there in the mountains where the plane crashed.I bet they’re out looking for it already.They’re sure to find the chute in the end.So they’ll know I wasn’t killed and must be somewhere.They’ll think I’m hiding up there in the trees and rocks and look for me there.I’ll go down to the village.If I’m lucky my foot will be good enough by the evening and I can manage to get to the border.”

He could hear the faint echoes of voices far above him on the mountainside，startling him after great silence.Looking up，he saw lights like pinpoints moving across the face of the mountain in the gray light.The road was deserted，and he struggled along，still almost invisible in the first light，easing his aching foot wherever he could，avoiding stones and rough places，and limping quietly and painfully towards the village.He reached the church at last.A great need for peace almost drew him inside，but he knew that would not do.Instead，he limped along its walls towards a very old building a short distance from the church.It seemed to have stood there forever，as if it had grown out of the hillside.It had the same air of timelessness as the church.John Harding pushed open the heavy wooden door and slipped inside.

1.In spite of his bad ankle Harding was able to ().

A.walk in a direction that was less steep

B.bear the pain without changing direction

C.bury his parachute perfectly in a safe place

D.check the surroundings and locate where he was

2.Why was his attention drawn to the mountain again？()

A.He was surprised to notice some torches moving around.

B.He was astonished to hear some voices far away.

C.He could see the searchers’ faces in spite of the poor light.

D.He could feel a shower of small rocks falling from above.

3.Which of the following do you think John Harding was？()

A.An escaped prisoner trying to hide away.

B.A criminal on the run from the police.

C.An airman landing in an enemy country area.

D.A spy in search of an important person.

4.Harding’s plan was ().

A.to cross the border as soon as possible

B.to rest in the church as long as he could

C.to have his injured foot treated

D.to stay in the village for the day

5.We can tell from the story that ().

A.Harding had a cool head in emergency

B.Harding was strongly against war

C.the plane crash took place at dawn

D.it was unwise to bury the chute

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第6题

Education is one of the key words of our time. A man, without an education, many of us bel

ieve, is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states "invest" in institutions of learning to get back "interest" in the form. of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, is punctuated by textbooks--those purchasable wells of wisdom--what would civilization be like without its benefits？

So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births; but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on "facts and figures" and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form. of "college" imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life.

It is the ideal condition of the "equal start" which only our most progressive forms of modem education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no "illiterates"--if the term can be applied to people without a script--while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England 1876, and is still non-existent in a number of "civilized" nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that 'all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the "happy few" during the past centuries.

Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents, therefore the jungles and the grasslands know of no "juvenile delinquency". No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children and no father is confronted with his inability to "buy" an education for his child.

The word "interest" in the first paragraph most probably means ______.

A．pleasure

B．returns

C．share

D．knowledge

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第7题

I always have the dream to dance like a beautiful ballerina twirling around and aroun

d and hearing people applaud for me. When I was young, I would twirl around in the fields of wildflowers that grew in my backyard. For hours I would dance as if people were watching me. Reality woke me up when I heard a voice saying, I don’ know why you bother trying to dance. Ballerinas are pretty, slender little girls. Besides, you don’t have the talent to even be a ballerina. I remember how those words paralyzed every feeling in my body. I fell to the ground and wept for hours.

We lived in the country by a nearby lake and I would sometimes go there.

My parents were never home anyway and I did not like to be at home.When they were home, my mother just yelled and criticized because nothing was ever perfect in her life. She dreamed of a different life but ended up living in a country far away from the city where she believed her dreams would have come true.

I enjoyed hanging out by the water. I would sit there and stare at my reflection. There I was, looked nothing like a pretty ballerina dancer.

As I grew older, I began to realize that the reason my dream was even born in the first place, was because it was something that was inside of me. The dream I had was never nurtured and cared for, so it slowly died. It's not that

I wanted it to die, but I allowed it to die the day I started listening to the words, You can’t do it.When I finally woke up from many years of dreaming,I realized that you can’t settle for dancing in the wildflowers, you have to move on to the platform. I still go to the lake sometimes and sit there. Looking at my reflection is different now too. When I was young, I looked at how others saw me. Now that I am older and wiser, I look at how God sees me.

(1)The article intends to ___________.

A、show that dancing is suitable for the girl

B、show how the girl failed in achieving her dream

C、tell us we should not be disturbed by others

D、tell us we should care and fulfill our dream

(2)The tone of the article is ___________.

A、encouraging

B、sad

C、hopeful

D、disappointing

(3)The voice mentioned indicates the girl is __________.

A、physically unattractive

B、unfortunate

C、poor

D、smart

(4)Why did the mother yell and criticize？

A、Because she was not perfect.

B、Because she didn't reach her dream.

C、Because she lived in the countryside.

D、Because she believed her dream had come true.

(5)Which of the following statements is NOT true？

A、The dream is a reflection of our inner desire.

B、The writer is satisfied with dancing in the wildflowers.

C、The writer never cared for her dream.

D、The writer dreamed to be a ballerina.

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第8题

根据以下资料，回答下列各题： Years ago，Charlie，a highly respected orthopedist and a mento

r of mine，found a lump in his stomach．He had a surgeon explore the area，and the diagnosis was pancreatic cancer． He went home the next day，closed his practice，and never set foot in a hospital again．He focused on spending time with family and feeling as good as possible．Several months later，he died at home．He got no chemotherapy，radiation，or surgical treatment．Medicare didn’tspend much on him． It’s not a frequent topic of discussion，but doctors die，t00．And they don’t die like the rest of us．What’s unusual about them is not how much treatment they get compared to most Americans，but how little．Of course，doctors don’t want to die；they want to live．But they know enough about modern medicine to know its limits．Almost all medical professionals have seen what we call“futile care”being performed on people．That’s when doctors bring the cutting edge of technology to bear on a grievously ill person near the end of life．The patient will get cut open，perforated with tubes，hooked up to machines，and assaulted with drugs．I cannot count the number of times fellow physicians have told me，in words that vary only slightly．“Promise me if you find me like this that you’ll kill me．” How has it come to this—that doctors administer so much care that they wouldn’t want for themselves？The simple，or not—s0—simple，answer is this：patients，doctors，and the system． To see how patients play a role，imagine a scenario in which someone has lost consciousness and been admitted to an emergency room，and shocked and scared family members find themselves caught up in a maze of choices．When doctors ask if they want“everything”done．they answer yes．Then the nightmare begins．Feeding into the problemare unrealistic expectations of what doctors can accomplish．For example，many people think of CPR as a reliable lifesaver when，in fact，the results are usually poor． But of course it’s not just patients making these things happen．Doctors play an enabling role，too．The trouble is that even doctors who hate to administer futile care must find a way to address the wishes of patients and families．Imagine，once again，the emergency room with those grieving family members．They do not know the doctor．Establishing trust and confidence under such circumstances is a very delicate thing．People are prepared to think the doctor is acting out of base motives，trying to save time，or money，or effort，especially if the doctor is advising against further treatment. It's easy to find fault with both doctors and patients in such stories，but in many ways all the parties are simply victims of a larger system that encourages excessive treatment.In some unfortunate cases，doctors use the fee．for-service model to do everything they can，no matter how pointless．to make money．More commonly，though，doctors are fearful of litigation and do whatever they’re asked to avoid geeing in trouble． The real problem the author is concerned about in this article is________．

A.the overtreatment for dying patients

B.the different attitude of doctor and patients toward death

C.the disproportionately high medicare expenditure in America

D.the unequal and non．transparent doctor—patient relationship

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第9题

Many people seem to think that science fiction is typified by the covers of some of the ol

d pulp magazines: the Bug-Eyed Monster, embodying every trait and feature that most people find repulsive, is about to grab, and presumably ravish, a sweet, blonde, curvaceous, scantily-clad Earth girl. This is unfortunate because it demeans and degrades a worthwhile and even important literary endeavor. In contrast to this unwarranted stereotype, science fiction rarely emphasizes sex, and when it does, it is more discreet than other contemporary fiction. Instead, the basic interest of science fiction lies in the relation between man and his technology and between man and the universe. Science fiction is a literature of change and a literature of the future, and while it would be foolish to claim that science fiction is a major literary genre at this time, the aspects of human life that it considers make it well worth reading and studying ——for no other literary form. does quite the same things.

The question is: what is science fiction？ And the answer must be, unfortunately, that there have been few attempts to consider this question at any length or with much seriousness; it may well be that science fiction will resist any comprehensive definition of its characteristics. To say this, however, does not mean that there are no ways of defining it nor that various facets of its totality cannot be clarified. To Begin, the following definition should be helpful: science fiction is a literary sub-genre which postulates a change (for human beings) from conditions as we know them and follows the implications of these changes to a conclusion. Although this definition will necessarily be modified and expanded, and probably changed, in the course of this exploration, it covers much of the basic groundwork and provides a point of departure.

The first point ——that science fiction is a literary sub-genre ——is a very important one, but one which is often overlooked or ignored in most discussions of science fiction. Specifically, science fiction is either a short story or a novel. There are only a few dramas which could be called science fiction, with Karel Capek's RUR (Rossum's Universal Robots) being the only one that is well known; the body of poetry that might be labeled science fiction is only slightly larger. To say that science fiction is a sub-genre of prose fiction is to say that it has all the basic characteristics and serves the same basic functions in much the same way as prose fiction in general ——that is, it shares a great deal with all other novels and short stories.

Everything that can be said about prose fiction, in general applies to science fiction. Every piece of science fiction, whether short story or novel, must have a narrator, a story, a plot, a setting, character, language, and theme. And like any prose, the themes of science fiction are concerned with interpreting man's nature and experience in relation to the world around him. Themes in science fiction are constructed and presented in exactly the same ways that themes are dealt with in any other kind of fiction. They are the result of a particular combination of narrator, story, plot, character, setting, and language. In short, the reasons for reading and enjoying science fiction, and the ways of studying and analyzing it, are basically the same as they would be for any other story or novel.

Science fiction is called a literary sub-genre because ______.

A．it is not important enough to be a literary genre

B．it cannot be made into a dramatic presentation

C．it shares characteristics with other types of prose fiction

D．to call it a "genre" would subject it to literary jargon

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