题目内容
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This article means to say that a careful driver travels about ______.
A．75 miles per hour
B．65 miles per hour
C．55 miles per hour
D．10 miles per hour
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Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one life’s essentials. Eating
breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the
family car before starting a trip.
But for many people the thought of food first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the
efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures are available, the
number of people who didn’t have breakfast, increased by 33 percent.
For those who feel pain of guilt about not eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies
in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast.
“Going without breakfast does not affect performance,” said Arrold E. Bender, former professor of the nutrition
at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve performance.”
Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most
of the recent work involves children, not adults, “The literature”, says one researcher, Dr. Erresto at the University
of Texas, “is poor”.
The latest year for which figures could be obtained is _______.
A. the year the author wrote the article
B. 1977
C. any year between 1997 and 1983
D. 1983
A.A. hesitate
B.B. hesitant
C.C. hesitance
D.D. hesitation
？Look at the article below about getting along with the boss and following questions.
？For each question (13 - 18), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.
Getting Along with the Boss
You know that a positive relationship with your work superiors is essential to your success. But how do you ensure you stay on their right side？ Your boss holds 2 our future prospects in his or her hands. Expect very few favors from a boss who does not like you, Bad relationship with the boss also means missed advancement opportunities: it is one of the major reasons for high staff turnover. If you resign because of the boss. you may also expect a dent in your professional reputation, Imagine having to provide such an "ex" boss as the contact referral person at your next interview !
The relationship you have with your boss can be a major factor in determining your rise up the ladder. Your boss isn't only your supervisor. He or she is also the person best equipped (or should be I to help you do the job you are paid to do. He/she is privy to the company's goals and knows what the company is looking for in future executives. He/she can inform. you of company direction that may affect your future aspirations, He/she can put in a good word for you in the right eats. He/she is also your ally when you need back up, support or cooperation from other departments.
But how does this help you establish a meaningful working relationship with your boss？ The key is communication. Know your boss' priorities and try to anticipate his/her needs before he/she asks. Don't think narrowly in terms of your own immediate position. Try to understand where what you do ties in with the bigger picture.
What other things can you discover about your boss？ Is he/she conservative or informal？ Does he/she prefer to be greeted as Mr. Ms. Miss or Mrs. or prefer first names？ Is his/hers an "open door" policy or does he/she prefers you setting appointments with them？ Respect your boss' time. Never barge into their office expecting or demanding an hearing immediately. Does he/she prefer to be kept informed with progress reports, or prefer you show initiative and get on with the job？
Don't be a "yes man" and don't offer false flattery in the hope of' getting somewhere. It won't work! And don't aim for "closeness" in the working relationship because this can also backfire. If your boss depends upon you too much. he/she won't recommend you for promotions because you are needed too much where you are. Another possibility is that if he/ she is not a good manager, he/she may be given their marching orders. If you are seen to be a part of his/her management mishaps, you may be marching out the door with him/her! Do what you can to stay in his/her good books. Don't take "sickies" unless you are sick! Be an effective, cooperative, responsible and courteous employee and team player.
It is possible that you are already these things, and you are working for somebody whose management style. disagrees with your needs or expectations. Maybe friction cannot be avoided. Then, you may be better off looking for a new job in a new department or company. In short, getting along with your boss entails getting to know his/her likes and dislikes and learning to work with his/her personality and management style. And the upside about mastering communication and people skills with your own boss is that one day, those skills will pay off in your own management role with your own team.
The writer says that a bad relationship with your boss may result in all of the following except
A．less favors from your boss.
B．the loss of your job.
C．a dent in your reputation.
D．the loss of your opportunities for promotion.
Can Burglars Jam Your Wireless Security System？
A)Any product that promises to protect your home deserves careful examination. So it isn&39;t surprising that you’ll find plenty of strong opinions about the potential vulnerabilities of popular home-security systems.
B)The most likely type of burglary(入室盗窃)by far is the unsophisticated crime of opportunity, usually involving a broken window or some forced entry. According to the FBI, crimes like these accounted for roughly two-thirds of all household burglaries in the US in 2013. The wide majority of the rest were illegal, unforced entries that resulted from something like a window being left open. The odds of criminal using technical means to bypass a security system are so small that the FBI doesn’t even track those statistics.
C)One of the main theoretical home-security concerns is whether or not a given system is vulnerable to being blocked from working altogether. With wired setups, the fear is that a burglar(入室盗贼)might be able to shut your system down simply by cutting the right cable. With a wireless setup, you stick battery-powered sensors up around your home that keep an eye on windows, doors, motion, and more. If they detect something wrong while the system is armed, they’ll transmit a wireless alert signal to a base station that will then raise the alarm. That approach will eliminate most cord-cutting concerns—but what about their wireless equivalent, jamming？ With the right device tuned to the right frequency, what’s to stop a thief from jamming your setup and blocking that alert signal from ever reaching the base station？
D)Jamming concerns are nothing new, and they’re not unique to security systems. Any device that’s built to receive a wireless signal at a specific frequency can be overwhelmed by a stronger signal coming in on the same frequency. For comparison, let’s say you wanted to “jam” a conversation between two people—all you’d need to do is yell in the listener’s ear.
E)Security devices are required to list the frequencies they broadcast on—that means that a potential thief can find what they need to know with minimal Goog ling. They will, however, need to know what system they’re looking for. If you have a sign in your yard declaring what setup you use, that ’d point them in the right direction, though at that point, we’re talking about a highly targeted, semi-sophisticated attack, and not the sort of forced-entry attack that makes up the majority of burglaries. It’s easier to find and acquire jamming equipment for some frequencies than it is for others.
F)Wireless security providers will often take steps to help combat the threat of jamming attacks. Simpli Safe, winner of our Editors’ Choice distinction, utilizes a special system that’s capable of separating incidental RF interference from targeted jamming attacks. When the system thinks it’s being jammed, it’ll notify you via push alert (推送警报). From there, it’s up to you to sound the alarm manually.
G)Simpli Safe was singled out in one recent article on jamming, complete with a video showing the entire system being effectively bypassed with hand held jamming equipment. After taking appropriate measure to contain the RF interference to our test lab, we tested the attack out for ourselves, and were able to verify that it is possible with the right equipment. However, we also verified that Simpli Safe’s anti-jamming system works. It caught us in the act, sent an alert to my smart phone, and also listed our RF interference on the system’s event log. The team behind the article and video in question make no mention of the system, or whether or not it detected them.
H) We like the unique nature of that software. It means that a thief likely wouldn’t be able to Google how the system works, then figure out a way around it Even if they could, SimpliSafe claims that its system is always evolving, and that it varies slightly from system to system, which means there wouldn’t be a universal magic formula for cracking it Other systems also seem confident on the subject of jamming. The team at Front point addresses the issue in a blog on its site, citing their own jam protection software and claiming that there aren’t any documented cases of a successful jam attack since the company began offering wireless security sensors in the 1980s.
I)Jamming attacks are absolutely possible. As said before, with the right equipment and the right know-how, it’s possible to jam any wireless transmission. But how probable is it that someone will successfully jam their way into your home and steal your stuff？
J) Let’s imagine that you live in a small home with a wireless security setup that offers a functional anti-jamming system. First, a thief is going to need to target your home, specifically. Then, he’s going to need to know the technical details of your system and acquire the specific equipment necessary for jamming your specific setup. Presumably, you keep your doors locked at night and while you&39;re away, so the thief will still need to break in. That means defeating the lock somehow, or breaking a window. He’ll need to be jamming you at this point, as a broken window or opened door would normally release the alarm. So, too, would the motion detectors in your home, so the thief will need to continue jamming once he’s inside and searching for things to steal. However, he’ll need to do so without tripping the anti-jamming system, the details of which he almost certainly does not have access to.
K) At the end of the day, these kinds of systems are primarily designed to protect against the sort of opportunistic smash-and-grab attack that makes up the majority of burglaries. They’re also only a single layer in what should ideally be a many-sided approach to securing your home, one that includes common sense things like sound locks and proper exterior lighting at night. No system is impenetrable, and none can promise to eliminate the worst case completely. Every one of them has vulnerabilities that a knowledgeable thief could theoretically exploit. A good system is one that keeps that worst-case setting as improbable as possible while also offering strong protection in the event of a less-extraordinary attack.
36.It is possible for burglars to make jamming attacks with the necessary equipment and skill.
37.Interfering with a wireless security system is similar to interfering with a conversation.
38.A burglar has to continuously jam the wireless security device to avoid triggering the alarm, both inside and outside the house.
39.Simpli Safe provides devices that are able to distinguish incidental radio interference from targeted jamming attacks.
40.Only a very small proportion of burglaries are committed by technical means.
41.It is difficult to crack SimpliSafe as its system keeps changing.
42.Wireless devices will transmit signals so as to activate the alarm once something wrong is detected.
43.Different measures should be taken to protect one’s home from burglary in addition to the wireless security system.
44.Simpli Safe’s device can send a warning to the house owner’s cellphone.
45.Burglars can easily get a security device’s frequency by Internet search.
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The word "covenant" in this passage means commercial actions.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Doesn't say
"It won't be a crime, but it will certainly be a miracle" means "______"
A．Since no other persons are here, I wont disclose (揭发) it
B．It will certainly be a miracle if I don't disclose it
C．There isn't any fish in the stream
D．I will surely report you to the owner of the stream
"Balance Sheet" means the statement on which a bank's assets and liabilities are listed.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Doesn't say
In talking about advertising, one should not think only in terms of a commercial on television, or an advertisement in the newspapers or periodicals. In its widest sense, advertising includes a host of other activities such as packaging, shop displays and—in the sense of communication—even the spoken word of the salesman. After ail, the resources of advertising are to be found in the market place.
For many years it was considered that it was enough to produce goods and supply services. It is only more recently that it has become increasingly understood that the manufacture of goods is a waste of resources unless those goods can be sold at a fair price within a reasonable time span. In the competitive society in which we live, it is important that we go out and sell what we have, and advertising plays an important role in this aspect, whether selling at home or in export markets.
About two percent of the UK gross national product is relied on advertising. But it must not be thought that this advertising tries to sell goods to consumers who do not want them. Certainly, advertising does try to attract the interest of the potential consumer, but if the article when purchased dries not match up to the standards that the advertising suggests that it will, it is obviously exceedingly unlikely that the article will sell well.
According to the text advertising is important to ______.
A．every potential consumer in the world
B．large countries in the world
C．people with a high standard of living
D．a large number of people in the world
But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students.
The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findins are based on a study involving 147 students(who completed the project)at an unnamed private unive rsity．First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree Most of the first-generation students(1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants，a federal g rant for undergraduates with financial need，while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degree Their thesis-that a relatively modest inte rvention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students They cite past resea rch by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be na rrowed to close the achievement gap.
Many first-gene ration students"struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education，learn the&39;rules of the game，&39;and take advantage of college resou rces," they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages don&39;t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students&39; educational expe rience，many first-gene ration students lack sight about why they a re struggling and do not unde rstand how students&39; like them can improve .
26. Recruiting more first-generation students has__________________
A.reduced their dropout rates
B.narrowed the achievement gao
C.missed its original purpose
D.depressed college students
The author of the research article are optimistic because__________________A.the problem is solvable
B.their approach is costless
C.the recruiting rate has increased
D.their finding appeal to students
The author of the paper believe that first-generation students__________________A.a re actually indifferent to the achievement gap
B.can have a potential influence on othe r students
C.may lack opportunities to apply for resea rch projects
D.are inexperienced in handling their issues at college
The study suggests that most first-gene ration students__________________A.study at private universities
B.are from single-pa rent families
C.are in need of financial support
D.have failed their collage
We mayinfer from the last paragraph that--A.universities often rect the culture of the middle-class
B.students are usually to blame for their lack of resources
C.social class g reatly helps en rich educational experiences
D.colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question
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